NBA发展史第一期_nba发展史第一期球员名单

       NBA发展史第一期是一个非常广泛的话题，它涉及到不同领域的知识和技能。我将尽力为您解答相关问题。

1.谁能给我简单介绍一下90年代NBA的发展史？就是乔丹那个时代的NBA！

2.NBA的发展史，英文的，字数越多越好啊

3.篮球最高级别赛事

谁能给我简单介绍一下90年代NBA的发展史？就是乔丹那个时代的NBA！

       联盟大事

       ☆1995年，两支加拿大球队加入NBA，多伦多猛龙和温哥华灰熊，使NBA的球队达到29支。☆1996年，艾弗森、科比、纳什、雷.阿伦等统治联盟近15年之久的黄金一代进入联盟。

       规则变化

       1993季后赛：任何在比赛中有争斗挥拳动作的球员现在将被立即罚出赛场，并停赛至少一场及处以适当数量的罚款；任何球员，如果在比赛中挥拳击打到其他球员，将被立即罚出赛场，停赛一至五场，并处以适当数量的罚款。球队也会被处以与其球员被罚总金额相等的罚款。在争斗中任何离开替补席的球员被罚金额将从500美元增加到2500美元，球队将会为每一个这样离开替补席的球员被罚5000美元。　1993-94赛季：如果一个球员在一个赛季恶意犯规超过五次，则从其第六次恶意犯规开始，对其每一次恶意犯规追加处以停赛一场的处罚。　1994-95赛季：将三分线到篮圈的距离统一为22英尺。任何球员在进攻方投三分球时犯规，都将被判三次罚球。任何在争斗中离开替补席的球员将被自动停赛至少一场，罚款金额上限增加到20000美元，在该球员被停赛的场次，将不被付与该场比赛的工资。一场比赛恶意犯规两次将被罚出场在底线到罚球线之间的区域，防守方只能曲臂防守，而不能伸手推挡进攻方每次技术犯规将被罚款500美元。在以前，第一次技术犯规将被罚100美元，第二次是150美元。如果防守球员抓拉在快攻中拥有明显得分机会的球员，将会被判两次罚球，以前这一条例只对拥有篮下进攻机会的球员生效。第二次及随后的当球不在场内所叫的暂停时间减为45秒。　1996-97赛季：如果球队已经没有暂停机会而继续叫暂停，将被判技术犯规和失去控球权。　1997-98赛季： 三分线恢复到23英尺9英寸在角部区域仍为22英尺 当进攻球员面对篮筐时，防守球员不允许用他的前臂去阻挡其进攻。如果球员双脚都在空中，而他身体已在底线或边线以外，则该球员没有叫暂停的权利。 以篮筐为圆心，4英尺为半径的半圆区域之内，进攻球员撞击已确定防守位置的辅助防守球员将不被判进攻撞人犯规。这一区域过去是一个2x6英尺的矩形。

       总冠军

       1990 活塞 开拓者 4-1　1991 公牛 湖人 4-1　1992 公牛 开拓者 4-2　1993 公牛 太阳 4-2　1994 火箭 尼克斯 4-3　1995 火箭 魔术 4-0　1996 公牛 超音速 4-2　1997 公牛 爵士 4-2　1998 公牛 爵士 4-2　1999 马刺 尼克斯 4-1

       最大的事其实是nba把转播权卖到世界各地从而从根本上实现了质的飞跃，这个年代是大卫斯特恩和乔丹共同主宰和开创的时代，是最经典的时代，你真会问！

NBA的发展史，英文的，字数越多越好啊

       起源：波士顿老板鼎力相助

       NBA全明星始于1951年。

       这是当时的NBA总部公关部负责人哈斯克·科恩的提意。最初，科恩只是为了模仿全美职业棒球联赛的全明星赛。棒球的全明星赛，安排在每个赛季的中期举行，于是NBA全明星赛也就沿袭了这个习惯。

       上世纪50年代初，职业篮球联赛，还远没有现在这么走红。科恩当初的想法，无非是为了进一步宣传NBA。科恩的建议，很快得到了当时NBA总裁鲁道夫的首肯。举办NBA全明星赛，就这样敲定下来，并打算一年办一次。

       但赛事的举办，场地是个问题。还是波特兰开拓者老板沃特·布朗首先站出来，对全明星赛的开创表示大力支持。布朗还宣布：免费为这个“新生”的赛事提供场地——波士顿花园。

       1951年3月2日，首届NBA全明星赛如期举办，万名球迷到波士顿花园观看了比赛。布朗连续包办了头两届NBA全明星赛，此后全明星赛被更多的篮球迷所接受，票房情况越来越好。到了1953年，第3届全明星赛，终于移至福特威恩举办。

       演变：从一场比赛到一个周末

       如果说，1951年，是NBA全明星赛的诞生之年；那么，1984年，绝对算得上是全明星发展史上一个重大转折点。

       1984年前，NBA全明星赛的所有内容，只是一场东西部明星对抗赛。但1984年之后，全明星赛有了一次质的飞跃，全明星周末的概念，也由此发展而来。

       1984年的NBA全明星赛，在丹佛举行。激动人心的灌篮大赛，也历史上第一次迈入NBA全明星赛的行列，结果反响颇佳。于是NBA决定：永久地将灌篮赛纳入全明星赛中，并且将全明星赛扩大为全明星周末。两年之后在达拉斯，NBA全明星周末又多了一项内容：三分球大赛。

       而在近10年内，NBA全明星周末发展得越来越具规模，逐步引进了更多的项目和内容：诸如起始于1994年的新人赛，由一年级新人队对二年级球星队；1998年又开始了“双球赛”，由一位NBA球星与一位WNBA球星配对组合，进行比赛。

       镜头“魔术师”、“飞人”刻入历史

       半个多世纪的风风雨雨中，NBA全明星上留下了许多经典镜头，而其中1992年“魔术师”约翰逊的吻别以及2003年的“飞人”乔丹的眼泪，像许多珍贵的老照片一样，成为了NBA历史书上不可或缺的一页。

       1992年2月9日，NBA全明星赛在奥兰多举行。早在3个月前，“魔术师”就因感染上艾滋病毒宣布退役。但根据球迷投票，他依旧当选全明星首发。经过NBA的特别允许，“魔术师”重回全明星赛场。而整个赛季没打过一场比赛的约翰逊，不负重望，一人独揽25分、9次助攻，帮助西部40分大胜。赛后，约翰逊手捧MVP（最有价值球员）奖杯，向全场观众憨笑着的那幕，刻在了许多人的心中，挥之不去。

       如果说，14年前那个奥兰多的夜晚，属于“魔术师”；那么去年亚特兰大菲律普斯体育馆，则完全是“飞人”乔丹的一人舞台。“飞人”的最后一次全明星赛。“最后一次”的意义，总是那样特殊。而玛利亚·凯莉的那首《英雄》，在体育馆悠然响起，众人的情绪随之翻腾纷飞，多少颗心被深深打动。

       一个时代的终结，一段经典的结束。在亚特兰大，乔丹留给人们的，是一个难忘的背影，而他带走了，也是人生最完美的一幕。

篮球最高级别赛事

       1995's labor problems between the National Basketball Association, the National Basketball Players Association and a group of so-called "dissident players" who are attempting to decertify the union have caused basketball fans to wonder aloud "what happened to the 'partnership' between the players and owners and when did their relationship become so adversarial?" The relative obscurity of the league until the 1980s has hidden the fact that labor negotiations between the league and it's players have always been painful, litigious, and drawn out.

       The salary cap in sports is nothing new. Its origin in basketball can be traced back to the league's $55,000 salary cap for the league's first season, 1946-47. Most players earned between $4,000 and $5,000, but there were a few exceptions. Tom King of the Detroit Falcons for example. He drew the league's highest salary, $16,500, not solely because of his playing ability, but also due to his front office duties as the team's publicity director and business manager. Philadelphia's star scorer, Joe Fulks, pulled in $8,000 for his league-leading 23.2 points a game (King's rookie season was a bit less successful. He averaged 5.1 points in his only year and the Falcons went out of business following the season).

       From 1946 to 1949 the top players managed to use the leverage of two rival leagues, the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League, to carve out a fair existence for themselves. George Mikan, the premier player of the era, signed a five-year contract with the Chicago American Gears worth $60,000 plus incentives in 1946; Bob Davies of the Rochester Royals, considered the top guard in basketball, was rewarded with a four-year, $50,000 contract; and Jim Pollard, a Hall of Fame forward, signed with the Minneapolis Lakers for $12,000 a year in 1947. The BAA was able to convince four of the best NBL franchises: Minneapolis (which featured Mikan and Pollard), along with Indianapolis, Fort Wayne and Rochester (who brought Davies) into switching leagues in an effort to exert their superiority. The NBL was far from dead however, and in 1949, after the NBL stunned the BAA by awarding a franchise to a group of former college stars from the University of Kentucky (which included All-Americans Alex Groza and Frank Beard, both top prospects), who would then each draw a salary of $10,000. The two leagues, which had been bitter rivals, merged to form the National Basketball Association, leaving the players with two options: play for the salary the NBA offered you or play Amateur Athletic Union basketball for a company team (such as the Phillips 66ers, Akron Goodyears or Peoria Caterpillers), an option which a few of the top players, including Clyde Lovellette, Jim Pollard and George Yardley chose.

       Economic conditions continued unchanged through 1954, at which point Bob Cousy, the league's top player, began to organize the NBPA, which would become the first team sports player's union. Cousy began by writing to an established player from each of the league's teams (Paul Arizin of Philadelphia, Carl Braun of New York, Bob Davies of Rochester, Paul Hoffman of Baltimore, Andy Phillip of Fort Wayne, Pollard, Dolph Schayes of Syracuse and Don Sunderlage of Milwaukee) in hopes of encouraging solidarity among the players. All but Phillip responded positively (of all the owners, Fort Wayne's Fred Zollner, who owned a machine works plant, was the staunchest union opponent and this prevented the Pistons players from participating), and Cousy next went to NBA President Maurice Podoloff at the January, 1955 NBA All-Star Game with a list of concerns: payment of back salaries to the members of the defunct Baltimore Bullets club; establishment of a twenty-game limit on exhibition games, after which the players should share in the profits; abolition of the $15 "whispering fine" which referees could impose on a player during a game; payment of $25 expenses for public appearances other than radio, television or certain charitable functions; establishment of an impartial board of arbitration to settle player-owner disputes; moving expenses for traded players; and payment of player salaries in ten installments rather that twelve, to provide more money to players cut during the season. Podoloff agreed to the payment of two weeks' salary to six players who had played for Baltimore before the franchise folded and committed to meeting with the player representatives within two weeks over their concerns.

       Podoloff and league owners continued to put off the players until Cousy met with AFL-CIO officials over possible union affiliation in January of 1957. The league then agreed to bargain in good faith with the players union following the season. In April, the NBA Board of Governors formally recognized the NBPA and agreed to their terms:

       -a probationary abolition of the whisper fine

       -a seven dollar per diem and other reasonable traveling expenses

       -an increase in the 1957-58 playoff pool

       -regular players would no longer be required to report to training camp earlier than four weeks prior to the season

       -elimination of exhibition games within three days of the season opener or on the day prior to a regular season game with a limit of three exhibition games during the season

       -player contracts would be mailed no later than September 1st

       -referral of player-owner disputes to the NBA League President or a committee of three NBA Governors to be chosen by the player

       -considerate treatment for the player in regards to radio and television appearances

       -reasonable moving expenses for a player traded during the season.

       In 1958, following the victory of the fledgling union, Cousy would resign his position as NBPA President after becoming frustrated with nonpayment of the $10 annual union dues by many of the players. His replacement as head of the union would be his Boston teammate Tom Heinsohn.

       Under Heinsohn's leadership, the union would assume a more aggressive approach regarding negotiations with the league. Heinsohn, Schayes and Richie Guerin of New York reached an agreement with the owners in January of 1961 over a player pension. The owners agreed in principle to a pension plan for the league's players, with details to be worked out in meetings to begin in February after the players had set a goal of $100 a month at age 65 for players with five years of service and $200 a month at age 65 for players with ten years of service.

       Talks failed to bring an agreement and in 1962, after meeting with several candidates, Heinsohn hired attorney Lawrence Fleisher as the union's General Counsel in an effort to obtain a pension plan and achieve other union goals (which included the standardization of the use of team trainers, the elimination of Saturday night games preceding Sunday afternoon television games, a increase in player per diem, a reduction in preseason games, and player free agency).

       Little progress occurred until the January 1964 All-Star Game. The game was important national television exposure for the league, and also presented a unique opportunity for the players. The players threatened to not play the game over the lack of a pension agreement. Minutes before game time NBA President Walter Kennedy gave his personal guarantee that adoption of a pension plan would occur at the next owners meeting, which took place in May when they approved a plan in which they would contribute 50% toward the purchase of a $2,000 endowment policy.

       Heinsohn would continue as NBPA President until Oscar Robertson of Cincinnati succeeded him in 1966. Robertson's first major move was to announce at the January 1967 All-Star Game that the players would ask the owners that they be paid for exhibition games, that the limit on the number of exhibitions be reduced from 15 to 10, and that the NBPA hopes to meet with representatives of Major League Baseball and National Football League players concerning more unity among professional athletes. Tensions between the union and owners escalated until the owners announced in March that the playoff would be canceled unless the players gave assurances that they would "comply with their contracts" and participate in the playoffs as scheduled. The union then responded by threatening to file for certification with the National Labor Relations Board and to strike the playoffs in an effort to upgrade their pension plan. The dispute was settled soon after, with the players receiving an agreement which included:

       -a $600 a month pension for players with ten years of service at age 65 and retroactively to the beginning of the career for all active players

       -new medical and insurance benefits

       -elimination of games played immediately before the All-Star Game

       -an 82-game limitation on the regular season

       -discussion of exhibition game pay

       -formation of a committee to review the standard player contract before the 1967-68 season

       Prior to the 1968-69 season, the union and NBA agreed on their first revision of the standard players contract which would increase salaries with the minimum rookie salary raised to $10,000 for 1968-69 and $13,000 in 1970-71 and the minimum pensioned veteran's salary raised to $12,500 in 1968-69 and $13,500 in 1969-70.

       With the formation of a new rival league, the American Basketball Association, in 1967, the players' salaries again began to increase. With players such as Rick Barry, Billy Cunningham and Zelmo Beaty jumping to the new league for bigger contracts, and with the new league's success in signing top college talent like Mel Daniels and Spencer Haywood, the NBA soon opened talks with the ABA about a possible merger of the two leagues. As a merger drew near in 1970, the players filed the "Oscar Robertson Suit", an antitrust suit to block any merger; do away with the option clause which bound a player to a team in perpetuity; the college draft, which limited the player to negotiating with one club; and restrictions on free agent signings; and seeking compensation for damages incurred in the past due to the option clause. The union then received a restraining order to block any merger, and the talks then died. The acrimony didn't block a new labor agreement however, as the NBPA came to a three-year labor agreement with the NBA in October of 1970 with an increase in minimum salaries, the playoff pool and the per diem allowance.

       After attempts to work out a compromise with the players in 1971 and to get Congressional approval for a merger in 1972 failed, the NBPA (now led by NBPA President Paul Silas of Boston who replaced Robertson in 1975) and the league reached a tentative agreement giving players free agency with their teams awarded compensation through 1980 (with the compensation of cash, players or draft choices determined by the NBA Commissioner) after which the player's former team would hold the right of first refusal on any free agent signings; limiting a teams rights to a drafted player to one year after which he would go back into the draft a second time if unsigned; ending the option clause in all contracts (with the exception of one-year rookie contracts); and paying about 500 players $4.3 million as a settlement and $1 million for the union's legal fees, pending agreement of a new collective bargaining agreement and dismissal of the Oscar Robertson Suit. Along with a new six-year collective bargaining agreement which brought with it an increase in pension benefits; the minimum salary (from $20,000 to $30,000); the per diem; medical and dental coverage, term life insurance; the playoff pool; and player's shares for the All-Star Game, the players could claim a major victory. While the leagues did indeed merge, the players now could negotiate with more than one club, insuring a better position for contract negotiation.

       Following a new three-year collective bargaining agreement (which included increases in the minimum salary, elimination of no-trade agreements in player contracts in 1980) and Silas' resignation as union head in order to become coach of the San Diego Clippers, financial health of the league became a major concern. Numerous franchises suffered from serious losses, headed by Cleveland, Denver, Indiana, Kansas City, San Diego and Utah. Some, including Kansas City and San Diego, nearly provoked a player strike in 1982 as they fell behind on their deferred payments to former players, as the league totaled an estimated $80 million to $90 million in deferred money owed to players. With the very real threat of the loss of franchises and player jobs, the union, now led by its new president Bob Lanier, agreed to a new four-year collective bargaining agreement in March of 1983 after strained negotiations and the threat of a player strike. The agreement was ground breaking for professional sports as it included:

       - a salary cap guarantying the players between 53% and 57% of the NBA's gross revenues (gate receipts, local and national television and radio revenue and preseason and postseason revenue)

       -$500,000 a year in licensing revenue

       -a guarantee that the league will maintain 253 player jobs even if there is a reduction in the number of teams

       The 1983 agreement would prove to be a major turning point for the league. An amendment later in the year which implemented the NBA's first league-wide substance abuse policy, proved to be a big step in cleaning up the league's image problems, and brilliant young players like Magic Johnson, Larry Bird and Michael Jordan excited the fans.

       The financial well-being of the league improved under Commissioner David Stern, who assumed the position in 1984, but in 1987 the owners and players clashed over the salary cap, right of first refusal and college draft. Following a brief signing moratorium and a failed attempt at an antitrust suit by a player group headed by NBPA President Junior Bridgeman of Milwaukee, and the threat of union decertification, an agreement on a six-year collective bargaining agreement is reached, including:

       -continuation of the salary cap; guarantying the players 53% of the leagues revenues

       -reducing the college draft to three rounds in 1988 and two rounds in 1989

       -eliminating of the right of first refusal after a player completes his second contract with unrestricted free agency for certain veteran players

       -the inclusion of five-year veterans who finished their careers prior to 1965 in the pension plan.

       Mutual good will continued under the cap until 1991, at which point the NBPA discovered that the league had underreported their income by excluding revenues from luxury suite rentals, playoff ticket sales and arena signage. After a legal dispute in which the league argued that the income fell outside of the defined revenues of the salary cap, and an increase of a total of $92.7 in player salaries and pension funding due to a ruling in favor of the union, the players would no longer look at their agreement with ownership as the "partnership" Stern had frequently proclaimed it.

       Creative accounting would open loopholes in the cap as the restructuring of contracts, early termination clauses, one-year contracts and balloon payments provided means for teams to circumvent the cap in order to sign players. Following the completion of the labor deal in 1994, the league and players managed to reach a no-strike, no-lockout agreement to protect the 1994-95 season, playing under the previous agreement in hopes of striking a new deal during the season. Talks were unsuccessful, and a lockout was imposed by the owners following the completion of the 1995 NBA Finals in an effort by the owners to put pressure on the players. When the union (represented by NBPA President Buck Williams of Portland and NBPA Executive Director Simon Gourdine) reached a highly-secretive agreement with the league (represented by NBA Commissioner David Stern and NBA Deputy Commissioner & Chief Operating Officer Russ Granik) which included a luxury tax, rookie salary cap and other provisions designed to tighten the salary cap; a group of players led by Michael Jordan and Patrick Ewing began an effort to decertify the union. Noting the concerns over possible restrictions on player movement, the player representatives chose not to ratify the agreement and sent it back for further negotiation. In August, after the union had imposed a deadline to pressure the league into concessions, the luxury tax was dropped and exceptions for veteran free agents were restored in a revised agreement. The group seeking decertification remained unsatisfied and chose to press for an end to the union in hopes that it would provide the players with a means to sue the league under antitrust law to end the salary cap, college draft and restrictions on free agency. A decertification election was then held in September of 1995, with the players voting 226-134 against, a few days later player representatives voted 25-2 in favor of ratifying the agreement. The owners quickly voted 24-5 in favor of the agreement and the owner-imposed lockout was lifted days later. The contract remained unsigned until June of 1996 when the players and owners finalized the deal. The final agreement included:

       -unrestricted free agency for all players following the conclusion of their contracts

       -a guarantee of 48.04% of all Basketball Related Income to the players, which now included luxury suites, international television and arena signage

       -various player exemptions to the cap, with the league keeping the so-called "Larry Bird Exemption" which allowed teams to re-sign their own free agents at any price

       -shortening of the college draft to one round, beginning in 1998

       -rookie salary cap with a graduated scale depending on the position a player is drafted, allowing him free agency after his third season.

       The Rookie salary cap proved to be a windfall for the players. Draft choices such as Kevin Garnett (six years, $121 million) and Rasheed Wallace (six years, $80 million) and Bryant Reeves (six years, $65 million) all received huge contract extensions, while others like Antionio McDyess, Damon Stoudamire, Joe Smith and Jerry Stackhouse were traded before they could become free agents.

       Another perceived problem was the loss of control over the players. After Latrell Sprewell was suspended by the league for a year and had his contract terminated by Golden State after an attack on coach P.J. Carlesimo, an arbitrator ruled that the penalty was to harsh, shortening his suspension to the remainder of the season and reinstating his contract, citing past penalties for violence by players.

       During the 1997-98 season the NBA owners voted to re-open the collective bargaining agreement, claiming losses by 13 teams. The union, now led by its new Patrick Ewing of New York and Executive Director William Hunter, is expected to meet owner demands (including greater authority for the Commissioner in disciplining the players, an inclusion of marijuana in the league's drug testing and a hard salary cap), with resistance, citing the league's new four-year $2.4 billion television deal with NBC and Turner Sports as a counter to the plea of poverty and looking to restore the league's middle class and curb control of the Commissioner ability to impose punishment over players. Provisions in the television contracts guarantying the owners money even in the event of a work stoppage, and the failure of the rookie salary cap to curtail big contacts to young players may bring about a lockout during the summer and lead to the loss of games for the first time in the league's history.

       NBA的全称为National Basketball Association，即为全国篮球协会、美国男篮职业联赛、美国职业篮球联赛，简称NBA，直译为美国篮球联盟，简称“美职篮”。是美国第一大职业篮球赛事，其中产生了威尔特·张伯伦、奥斯卡·罗伯逊、阿伦·艾佛森、迈克尔·乔丹、科比·布莱恩特、麦迪、勒布朗·詹姆斯等篮球巨星。

       该协会一共拥有30支球队，分属两个联盟：东部联盟和西部联盟，而每个联盟各由三个赛区组成，每个赛区有五支球队。30支球队当中有29支位于美国本土，另外一支来自加拿大的多伦多。NBA标志里的人物原型是杰里·韦斯特，2015年05月04日库里正式当选常规赛MVP。2015年5月25日，平均球员年薪最高的职业体育联赛第1位。

NBA的发展史：

       1946年NBA召开了第一届大会，11位老板决定成立一个篮球联盟。当时成立的篮球联赛名称为BAA，当时美国还有一个篮球赛事名叫NBL，之后在普罗多夫的领导下，BAA和NBL合并，才是如今我们熟知的NBA。而为了表彰第一届总裁普罗多夫的贡献，NBA也将常规赛MVP奖杯的名字命名为普罗多夫杯。

       NBA的发展并不是一帆风顺，直到乔丹的出现，之后NBA就以乔丹为核心宣传对象，加上群雄逐鹿的90年代，成为NBA历史最繁荣昌盛的一个时期，通过乔丹这个窗口，斯特恩将NBA推广至全世界。随后，斯特恩还将NBA扩军到30支，成为如今的样子。

       好了，今天关于“NBA发展史第一期”的探讨就到这里了。希望大家能够对“NBA发展史第一期”有更深入的认识，并且从我的回答中得到一些帮助。